Pre-post Mixed Methods Study of a Parent and Teen Support Intervention to Prevent Violence Against Adolescents in the Philippines

Jocson, Rosanne M; Alampay, Liane Pena; Lachman, Jamie M; Maramba, Denise Hazelyn A; Melgar, Marika E; Ward, Catherine L; Madrid, Bernadette J; Gardner, Frances; .

Jocson, Rosanne M. National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: rosanne.jocson@nie.edu.sg.
Alampay, Liane Pena. Department of Psychology, Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City, Philippines.
Lachman, Jamie M. Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Centre for Social Science Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Maramba, Denise Hazelyn A. Department of Psychology, Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City, Philippines.
Melgar, Marika E. Department of Psychology, Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City, Philippines.
Ward, Catherine L. Department of Psychology and Safety and Violence Initiative, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa.
Madrid, Bernadette J. Child Protection Unit, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines.
Gardner, Frances. Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

PURPOSE: This study examines the feasibility of a culturally adapted parenting intervention (MaPa Teens) within the national cash transfer system to reduce violence against adolescents, the first such program in the Philippines.

METHODS: Thirty caregiver-adolescent dyads who were beneficiaries of a government conditional cash transfer program participated in a pilot of a locally adapted version of the Parenting for Lifelong Health for Parents and Teens program. Primary outcomes of reducing child maltreatment and associated risk factors were evaluated using a single-group, pre-post design. Focus group discussions explored the perceptions of participants and facilitators regarding program acceptability and feasibility.

RESULTS: Significant and moderate reductions were reported in overall child maltreatment and physical abuse (caregiver and adolescent reports) and in emotional abuse (adolescent report). There were significant reductions in neglect, attitudes supporting punishment, parenting stress, parental and adolescent depressive symptoms, parent-child relationship problems, and significant improvement in parental efficacy in managing child behavior. Adolescents reported reduced behavior problems, risk behavior, and witnessing of family violence. Participants valued learning skills using a collaborative approach, sustained their engagement between sessions through text messages and phone calls, and appreciated the close interaction with caring and skilled facilitators. Program areas of improvement included addressing barriers to attendance, increasing adolescent engagement, and revising the sexual health module.

DISCUSSION: The study provides preliminary support for the effectiveness and feasibility of the program in reducing violence against Filipino adolescents. Findings suggest potential adaptations of the program, and that investment in more rigorous testing using a randomized controlled trial would be worthwhile.